Glossary

Argumentation

Conclusion: the claim intended to be supported by the argument is called the conclusion of the argument
Argument: a set of reasons given in support of a claim
Premises: The claims given as reasons for thinking the conclusion of the argument is true are the premises of the argument; to convince
Validity: an argument is valid if the conclusion necessarily follow from the premise. if the premises are true, then the conclusion must also be true.
Descriptive Claim: the way things are
Prescriptive Claim: the way things should be
Soundness: An Argument is sound if it is valid and all of its premises are true
True: Only if it corresponds with or to something in the world
Contradiction: a proposition that’s inconsistent with itself
Epistemology: The study of knowledge, especially with regard to its methods, validity, and scope.
Fallacies of Relevance: Present evidence unrelated to the truth of the conclusion; the connection between preside and conclusion is often emotional
Fallacies of Presumption: make unwarranted assumptions; assuming something is true without giving independent evidence of its truth
Inductive Argument: predict the future based on the past; makes general claims based on specific instances

Words Total: 13

Mimesis: representation or imitation of the real world in art and literature.
Equanimity: mental calmness, composure, and evenness of temper, especially in a difficult situation.
Muse: a person or personified force who is the source of inspiration for a creative artist.
Aesthetic Distance: refers to the gap between a viewer’s conscious reality and the fictional reality presented in a work of art.
Catharsis: the process of releasing, and thereby providing relief from, strong or repressed emotions.
Pity: feel sorrow for the sympathy of.

Words Total: 19

Foundationalism: Established a base of certainty that can support an entire system of knowledge.

Methodological doubt: doubt any proportion if there is the slightest reason to do so. (method of doubt)

Skepticism: doubting to the point that you don’t believe knowledge is possible.
Rationalism: Epistemological position that knowledge comes through reason not the senses.

Resemblance: our present thoughts resemble our memory of past experiences, and we suppose that because they are resembling, they proceed from or belong to the same thing.
Cause & Effect: concern for the future & nostalgia/ regret for the past leads us to suppose a causal connection between past & future
Narrative Identity: postulates that individuals form an identity by integrating their life experiences into an internalized, evolving story of the self that provides the individual with a sense of unity and purpose in life.
Psychological continuity: consists of the holding of a number of psychological relations between person-stages.
Personal Narrative: is a prose narrative relating personal experience usually told in first person.
Effective First-Order Desires: desires that have motivated, are motivating, or will motivate an agent to act.
Psychotherapist: the use of psychological methods, particularly when based on regular personal interaction with adults, to help a person change behavior and overcome problems in desired ways.
Waton: deliberate and unprovoked.

Word Total: 32

Word Count: 500